Bench-vise.



PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907.

J. W. MoINTYRE.

BENCH VISE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 27,1907.

A M a 0 0 w 0 m w 111E nomus PETERS cm, WASHINGTON.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENCH-VISE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Sept. 17, 1907.

Application filed April 27, 1907. Serial No. 370,601.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN W. MCINTYRE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Edge Hill, in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bench-Vises, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to improvements in devices of that class commonly known as bench vises, the same ordinarily embodying a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, and being extensively employed for holding objects or materials to be operated upon.

The object of this invention is to provide a bench vise which shall be wholly operatable by hand, in distinction from a benchvise partially operatable by the foot, and as shown, in U. S. Letters-Patent granted to myself under date of September 29, 1896, and numbered 568364; which shall embody novel features of construction whereby the adjustment by hand of its movable jaw, relatively toward and from its fixed jaw, is materially facilitated; which shall be simple inexpensive and novel as regards construction, and which shall possess certain well-defined advantages over prior line :vx of Fig. 1.

analogous devices.

The invention consists in the novel combinations, details and parts whereby, together with the novel disposition and relative arrangement of said parts, the attainment of the foregoing object is rendered practicable, all of which will be more specifically referred to hereinafter and set forth in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference-numerals denote corresponding parts throughout the several views, and as to the latter: Figure 1 is a plan view of a bench vise embodying my said improvements. Fig. 2 is a view mainly in central, vertical, longitudinal section of same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of same, as along the Fig. 4 is a detail fragmentary View of the fixed jaw, showing the removable cam-face conjoined therewith.

In a general sense my present invention comprises a fixed jaw; a cam-face removably conjoined therewith; a sliding-jaw cooperating with the fixed jaw; an operating-rod; a primary interlocking device, normally interconnecting said sliding-jaw and said operating-rod, and capable of being moved independently of either for disconnecting the same; and a working-head, the latter rotatably mounted on said operating-rod and provided with a cam-face cooperating with the removable cam-face aforenamed, whereby, upon said workinghead being properly manipulated, a pull is effected on said operating-rod and accordingly, through the medium of said primary interlocking device, on said sliding-jaw.

Having reference to the accompanying drawings, 2 denotes a frame-portion or base, having parallel toprails 3, 3, and 4 denotes a fixed jaw, said base and jaw being ordinarily formed integral, from iron or other suitable material and as by the process of casting; 5 denotes a sliding jaw, cooperating with the fixed jaw 4 by a sliding movement, as along the top-rails 3, 3 6 denotes a cam-faced working-head; and 7 denotes an operating-rod, the latter bearing at its forward endportion in the fixed jaw 4 and cooperating with said working-head.

The parts thus far referred to are generally formed and arranged for cooperation substantially as set forth in my said United States Patent No. 568364, and the novel details of my-present invention, together with the relation thereof to the construction forming the subject of my said United States patent, will now be described.

The fixed jaw 4 has a dovetailed recess 8, at its front face, within which recess is inserted a cam-plate 9, the latter having its upper and lower edgesbeveled to fit the recess aforenamed, and having formed thereon, at its front face, a cam-face 10. Hence, when the camface 10 becomes, through service or otherwise, unduly worn or defective, the plate 9 may be replaced by a fresh plate bearing a proper cam-face, as will be read ily understood; and it will be further understood that the plate 9 may be provided with any suitable number of appropriate cam-faces.

In my present device the working-head 6 is rotatably mounted on the outwardly projecting end-portion of the operating-rod 7, and is provided with a cam-face 11, arranged reversely to that with which the plate 9 is provided and for cooperation therewith. Hence, if said working-head be rotated in the proper direction on the operating-rod 7, the parts now under discussion occupying, say, the relative positions indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, a pull will be exerted on the operating-rod 7, the latter bearing freely in the fixed jaw 4, and the collar 12, if used, being loosely disposed thereon. Said opeiating-rod is secured at its rear end to the follower 13, which slides freely to and fro along the top-rails 3, 3, means, as the washer 14, held in place on the operating-rod 7, as by a pin 15, being provided to hold said working-head operatively conjoined with said operating-rod.

In practice it is desirable that an initial hold be obtained on the object or material to be operated upon, by the fixed and sliding jaws of the device, and this prior to the final hold thereon, which is imparted by properly manipulating the working-head 6. Hence, it is not only essential that the sliding-jaw 5 be free to undergo a sliding movement, independently of the operating-rod 7, as by the hand of the operator, but

also that means be provided whereby, when said sliding-jaw shall have been suliiciently moved towards the fixed jaw to obtain this initial hold on the material or object to be operated upon, the fixed jaw may be quickly and effectively locked in this position, and at the same time interconnected with the operatingrod 7 for action in unison therewith. Accordingly, I provide an interlocking device which here takes the general character of a nut 16, encircling the operating-rod 7, projecting upwardly therefrom into an opening 17, formed downwardly through the rear extension18, of the sliding-jaw 5, and provided with a handle19, which projects outwardly from said opening to be grasped by the operator when desiring to manipulate or adjust said nut. The nut 16 is longitudinally recessed at one side, or at the opposite sides, of its threaded interior wall, as at 20, its threads being accordingly cut away and the nut being left thereby segmentally threaded along its interior wall.

The operating-rod 7 is flattened at one side, or at the opposite sides, thereof, as denoted by the numeral 21, and as clearly indicated in the drawings, and is segmentally threaded as at 22, along its normal surface or surfaces adjacent circumferentially to said flattened surface or surfaces. Hence, when the nut 16 is adjusted to the position indicated inFig. 3, its segmental threads are brought opposite the flattened surface or surfaces of the operating-rod 7, and out of engagement with the segmental threads of the latter, while its recess 20 is brought opposite the segmental threads of said operating-rod. Now, when occupying this position, nut 16 may be freely adjusted to and fro along the operating-rod 7, since its segmental threads are disengaged from the segmental threads of the latter. Accordingly, under this condition of the parts, the sliding-jaw 5 may be adjusted forwardly for an initial hold on the material to be operated upon, nut 1.6 accompanying said sliding-jaw at all times, although adjustable for a locking and unlocking effect independently thereof. The operator now, through the medium of the handle 19, readjusts the nut 16 so that its segmental threads engage and measurably act in conjunction with, the segmental threads of said operating-rod, thus jamming the upper portion of the front face of said nut against the adjacent interior wall of the opening 17, and accordingly locking the jaw 5 to its initial hold on the material or object to be operated upon. The sliding-jaw 5 and the operating-rod 7 being now interlocked, a final clamping effect may be had on said material or object by properly manipulating the working-head 6, as hereinbefore explained. It will be observed that nut 16 is free to undergo this direct locking movement, and likewise a reverse or unlocking movement, independently of the jaw 5 or the operating-rod 7.

To the end that the jaw 5 may be serviceably conjoined with the base 2, for a sliding movement to and fro therealong, I provide said jaw, at its opposite sides, with depending flanges 23, 23, terminating in inwardly projecting lips 24, 24 respectively, which lips,.respectively, engageand work in longitudinal slot-like recesses 25, 25 formed, respectively, in the base 2, at its opposite sides, near the top thereof.

26 denotes an elastic element, here shown as taking the character of a spiral spring, which serves to elastieally hold the operating-rod 7 to the limit of its rear ward adjustment, thereby elastically keeping the cam-face 11, of the working-head 6, at all times in contact with the cam-face 10 and accordingly in readiness to act thereon, the operating-rod 7 being, accordingly, at all times elastically controlled.

Specifically I employ a spiral spring 26 of substantial length, and then provide the operating-rod 7 with a pin 27, against which abuts the rear coil of that portion of said spring which lies forwardly of said pin, its forward end abutting against the collar 12, which loosely encircles the operating-rod 7, or which may abut directly against the fixed jaw 4, in the absence of said collar. The tendency of said forward-portion of the spring 26 is to distend, and hence elastically urge the operating-rod 7 rearwardly for the purpose =hereinbefore mentioned. Spring 26 is, by preference, continued rearwardly of the pin 27, and is connected at its rear end, in any appropriate manner, with the slidingjaw 5. This rearward portion of said spring tends at all times to contract, thereby elastically drawingthe sliding-jaw 5 towards the fixed jaw 4, and the facility and convenience with which the sliding-jaw 5 may be adjusted, as for an initial hold on any material or object to be clamped, are accordingly enhanced.

The operation of my present improved bench vise will be apparent from the foregoing description thereof; and it will be seen that the same is not only particularly well adapted for the purposes for which it is intended, but that the same may be modified to a considerable extent, particularly as regards the general character of the means employed for interconnecting the sliding-jaw and operating-rod, of the elastic element for controlling said operating-rod, the number of cam-faces 10-and 11, respectively, made use of, and other details of the general construction, without materially departing from the spirit and principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what 'l claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A device of the class herein described comprising a fixed jaw; a cam-face removably conjoined therewithpan operating-rod projecting freely through and somewhat forwardly beyond, said fixed jaw; a sliding-jaw; a device for primarily interconnecting said sliding-jaw and operatingrod, said device being adjustable for a locking and unlocking effect independently of said sliding-jaw andoperating-rod, respectively; and a working-head, the latter rotatably mounted on said forwardly projecting portion of said operating-rod, and provided with a camface cooperating with the removable cam-face aforenamed, substantially as herein specified.

2. A-device of the class herein described comprising'a fixed jaw; a cam-face reinovably conjoined therewith; an operating-rod projecting freely through and somewhat forwardly beyond, said fixed jaw, said operating-rod being segmentally threaded; a slidingjaw provided with an extension having an opening formed 'downwardly"therethrough; a segmentaliy threaded nut, on said operating rod and projecting into the opening aforenanied, whereby said operating-rod and said sliding-jaw may be interconnected for operation in unison, upon the segmental threads of said nut being brought into engagement with the segmental threads of said operatingrod, said nut being adjustable independently of said sliding-jaw and operatingrod, respectively; and a working-head, the latter rotatably mounted on said forwardly projecting portion of said operating-rod and provided with a cam-face cotiperating with the removable camface aforenamed, substantially as herein specified.

3. A device of the class herein described comprising a base having parallel top-rails; a jaw fixed to said base at its forward end; a cam-face conjoined with said jaw at the front thereof; a follower on said top-rails, rearwardly thereof and adapted to slide therealong; a springcontrolled operating-rod, said operating-rod projecting freely through and somewhat forwardly beyond, said fixed jaw, engaging at its rear end the said follower and pro.- vided with segmental threads; a spring-controlled jaw slidably conjoined with said base, and cooperating with said fixed jaw, said spring controlled jaw being provided with an extension having an opening formed downwardly therethrough; a segmentally threaded nut, on said operating-rod, and projecting upwardly therefrom into the opening aforenamed, whereby, upon the segmental threads of said nut being brought into engagement with the segmental threads of said operating-rod, the latter and said spring-controlled jaw may be interconnected; and a working-l1ead, the latter rotatably mounted on said forwardly projecting portion of said operating-rod, and'provided with a cam-face cooperating with the cam-face, aforenamed, conjoined with said fixed jaw, substantially as herein specified.

JOHN W. MCINTYRE.

Witnesses:

L. A. TAULANID, V 'l. McIN'rrRE. 

